50% glucose injection

[Drug Name]

Generic name: Glucose Injection

English Name: GlucoseInjection

Chinese Pinyin: PutaotangZhusheye

【Certificate】

The main ingredient of this product is glucose, with the chemical name: D-(+)-pyranose glucose- hydrate.

Auxiliary material name: Water for injection.

【SexCondition】

This product is a colorless or almost colorless clear liquid.

【Indications】

(1)Supplement energy and body fluids; used for insufficient food intake or significant fluid loss due to various reasons (such as vomiting, diarrhea, etc.), total parenteral nutrition, starvation ketosis;

(2)Hypoglycemia;

(3)Hyperkalemia;

(4)Organizational dehydrating agent;

(5)Prepare peritoneal dialysis solution;

(6)Drug diluent;

(7)Venous glucose tolerance test.

【Specification】 20ml:10g

【Dosage and Administration】

(1)Supplementary Heat Energy

When patients reduce their food intake or cannot eat for certain reasons, a 25% glucose injection can generally be administered intravenously, along with fluid replacement. The amount of glucose is calculated based on the required energy.

(2)Total Parenteral Nutrition Therapy

Glucose is the most important energy supply substance in this therapy. In non-protein caloric energy, the ratio of glucose to fat in providing calories is 2:1. The specific dosage is determined based on clinical caloric needs. According to the required volume of fluid replacement, glucose can be prepared in different concentrations of 25% to 50%, and insulin can be added if necessary, with 1 unit of regular insulin added for every 5 to 10g of glucose. Due to the significant venous irritation caused by the normal application of hypertonic glucose solution, and the need to infuse fat emulsion, large vein infusion is generally selected.

(3)Hypoglycemia

For severe cases, 50% glucose injection of 20 to 40ml can be administered intravenously.

(4)Hunger-induced ketosis

For severe cases, intravenous drip of 5% to 25% glucose injection should be applied, with 100g of glucose daily to basically control the condition.

(5)Hyperkalemia

Apply 10 to 25% of the injection solution, infusing 1 unit of regular insulin with 2 to 4g of glucose, which can lower serum potassium levels. However, this therapy only facilitates the movement of extracellular potassium ions into the cells, and the total potassium content in the body remains unchanged. If potassium excretion measures are not taken, there is still a possibility of recurrent hyperkalemia.

(6)Tissue Dehydration

Hypertonic solution(commonly using50% glucose injection) is rapidly injected intravenously20～50ml. However, the effect is short-lived. Clinically, care should be taken to prevent hyperglycemia, and it is currently used less frequently. When used to adjust the osmotic pressure of peritoneal dialysis fluid, 50% glucose injection20ml or10g of glucose can increase the osmotic pressure of1L of peritoneal dialysis fluid by55mOsm/kgH₂O.

[Adverse Reactions]

(1) Phlebitis. If using a large vein for infusion, the incidence of phlebitis decreases.

(2) Extravasation can cause localized swelling and pain.

(3) Reactive hypoglycemia: It is prone to occur when there is an overdose of insulin, a pre-existing tendency for hypoglycemia, and a sudden cessation of total parenteral nutrition therapy.

(4) Hyperglycemic non-ketotic coma: commonly seen in diabetes, stress states, use of large amounts of glucocorticoids, and in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis for uremia when hypertonic glucose solution and total parenteral nutrition are administered in the abdominal cavity.

(5) Electrolyte disorders: Long-term simple supplementation of glucose can easily lead to hypokalemia, hyponatremia, and hypophosphatemia.

(6) For those with pre-existing heart dysfunction, as well as children and the elderly, rapid or excessive fluid replacement can lead to palpitations, arrhythmias, and even acute left heart failure.

【Prohibition】

(1) Uncontrolled diabetic ketoacidosis;

(2) Hyperglycemic non-ketotic hyperosmolar state.

[Precautions]

(1) Excessive injection of glucose during delivery can stimulate fetal insulin secretion, leading to neonatal hypoglycemia after birth.

(2) Use with caution in the following situations:

①Patients who have undergone subtotal gastrectomy are prone to dumping syndrome and hypoglycemic reactions during oral glucose tolerance tests, and should switch to intravenous glucose tests;

②Patients with periodic paralysis and hypokalemia;

③It is easy to induce hyperglycemia in a state of stress or when using glucocorticoids;

④Patients with edema and severe heart or kidney failure, as well as those with cirrhotic ascites, are prone to fluid retention and should have their fluid intake controlled; those with heart failure should especially control the drip rate.

[Medication for Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women]

Excessive injection of glucose during delivery can stimulate fetal insulin secretion, leading to neonatal hypoglycemia after birth.

[Pediatric Medication]

Rapid or excessive fluid infusion can lead to palpitations, arrhythmias, and even acute left heart failure.

[Medication for the Elderly]

Rapid or excessive fluid infusion can lead to palpitations, arrhythmias, and even acute left heart failure.

[Drug Interactions]

Not yet clear.

[Drug Overdose]

Not yet clear.

[Pharmacology and Toxicology]

Glucose is one of the main sources of energy for the human body. Each 1 gram of glucose can produce 4 kilocalories (16.7KJ) of energy, thus it is used to supplement energy. It is used to treat hypoglycemia. When glucose and insulin are infused together intravenously, the synthesis of glycogen requires the participation of potassium ions, which enter the cells, leading to a decrease in blood potassium concentration, hence it is used to treat hyperkalemia. Hypertonic glucose injection has an organ dehydration effect when rapidly infused intravenously and can be used as a dehydrating agent. Additionally, glucose is the main substance for maintaining and regulating the osmotic pressure of peritoneal dialysis fluid.

Pharmacokinetics

Intravenous injection of glucose directly enters the bloodstream. Glucose is completely oxidized in the body to produce CO₂ and water, which are excreted through the lungs and kidneys, while generating energy. It can also be converted into glycogen and fat for storage. Generally, a normal human body utilizes glucose at a rate of 6mg/kg per minute.

【Storage】 Sealed preservation.

【Packaging】 Ampoules, 5 pieces/box.

【Validity Period】 24 months

[Implementation Standard] 'Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China' 2020 Edition, Volume Two

【Approval Number】 National Medicine Standard CodeH20065510

【Drug Marketing Authorization Holder】/【Manufacturing Enterprise】

name：Guizhou Tiandi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Location: No. 6, Baokang Road, Hongxing Pharmaceutical Industry Park, Dingxiao Town, Xingyi City, Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province

Postal Code: 562400

Phone number: 0859-3119928

Fax number: 0859-3118152

Website:www.gztiandi.com